Answer: Jesus’ Parable of the Leaven is found in two of the Gospels. Many ancient commentators made much of the "three measures of meal," seeing in them the three dispensations of God's grace, the racial composition of the human family in the descendants of Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and the three-fold nature of man as a being with a spirit, soul, and body! Behold, a little leaven shall sanctify thee throughout, the folly of preaching shall save thy soul, and raise thy body to eternal glory. He may destroy a character in a moment, but it takes a lifetime to build one. Now that carries a very serious and solemn lesson for us all. These parables do not describe the kingdom in a systematic way, but show us a series of snapshots taken from different perspectives. The history of individual conversions. 1832. ; Fausset, A. R.; Brown, David. BibliographyNicol, W. Robertson, M.A., L.L.D. An assimilative power.—The leavened dough transforms the meal by making it like itself. Wyc., sour dough, as German SauerteigFrom ζέω , to boil or seethe, as in fermentation. We can say, ‘They that be with us are more than they that be with them.’ If we have anything of the leaven in us, we are mightier than the lump of dough. BibliographyLightfoot, John. Watch your child"s progress in letters, and it will be impossible for you to indicate any time at which he became a scholar. The change produced is radical, gradual, final, and manifest. Targumists, תלת סאין, "three seahs", or "measures", the very phrase here used; and the reason why three are particularly mentioned is, because such a quantity used to be fermented and kneaded by women at one time; see Genesis 18:6 and for the further illustration of this, take the following passage out of the TalmudF2T. 1879-90. It describes the internal influence not upon the individual alone, but upon the masses of humanity. We may have vivid memories of certain days, but education is not a day"s work, it is not a time work, it is an eternal process. There the increase was obtained by development from within; here, by acquisitions from without. "The New John Gill Exposition of the Entire Bible". Copyright StatementThese files are public domain. Religion operates from individual to individual. ", To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use our convenient, The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven -, John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, Which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Another parable spake he unto them; The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened, John Lightfoot's Commentary on the Gospels, Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, The Popular Commentary by Paul E. Kretzmann. What reason have I to think that this “kingdom of God is within me [Note: Luke 17:21. 33.] Another parable spake he unto them; The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened. Chapter and verse divisions only were added centuries after Matthew was written. Leaven answers a great design. 1801-1803. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bnb/matthew-13.html. That the leaven must be lodged and work within. It being a woman's work to knead, it seems a refinement to say that "the woman" here represents the Church, as the instrument of depositing the leaven. II. The gospel is the power of God at work for the salvation of souls. So the Word of God makes the hard heart soft and tender. Jerome: The "saturn" is a kind of measure in use in Palestine containing one modius and a half. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/mac/matthew-13.html. (Witham) --- It was the Seah of the Jews, the third part of the Epha, and contained about ten pints, and appears to be the ordinary quantity they baked at a time. The Word of God. ", [Note: Idem, "The Parable of the Leavening Process," Bibliotheca Sacra156:621 (January-March1999):62. [Note: Cf. It is a plant as much alive as the snowdrop that has just burst its way through the soil, and foretold by its graceful bell the coming of the spring. The LXX reads, The tenth part of three measures. The parable teaches that the effect of the Gospel, as ministered by, and residing in, the society of men, in whom the will of God is supreme, is to change the heavy lump of dough into light, nutritious bread. To be in the Church is to look well; to have a pew in church is to begin on the right list; to make a profession of the most popular religion Isaiah , at all events, to have a card of introduction to very large sections of honourable society. This appears to refer to the whole human race, which consists of three measures, having spread over the earth from the three sons of Noah. Thus does the Gospel also work in the hearts of men. "The kingdom of heaven may be initially insignificant, but it is pervasive." Do you judge men wholly by their clothes—because they have respectable coats, have they therefore respectable characters? As to whether the γυνή has any especial meaning, (though I am more and more convinced that such considerations are not always to be passed by as nugatory,) it will hardly be of much consequence here to enquire, seeing that γυναῖκες σιτοποιοί would be every where a matter of course. The Expositor's Greek Testament. BibliographySchaff, Philip. O God, Thy Kingdom comes! The parable represents the possibility of man’s restoration. Church Pulpit Commentary. Thus, the Israelites were commanded to purge out the old leaven during Passover; and the disciples were warned by the Saviour against the leaven of the Pharisees. ), The world begins with great promises; but could it give as much as ever the prince of it proffered to Christ, it cannot keep thy bones from the ague, thy flesh from worms, nor thy soul from hell. Matthew 13:33 Another parable spake he unto them; The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened. Copyright StatementThese files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". "Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible". It is leaven to Herod to part with his Herodias; to Naaman to be bound from bowing before Rimmon. This portion is actually a word of warning to us. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". The movement of truth is always forward. Christianity is at work as well as alive. Leaven is of a quickening and powerful nature; so the Word of God (Hebrews 4:12). from עגְה to bake bread or cake, Ezra 4:12.”, “ עֻגָה and עֻגָה (1 Kings 19:6; Ezekiel 4:12), fem, a cake baked under hot cinders,” etc., GESENIUS.—(I. II. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". Not who was baptized with water, but who has been baptized with fire, is the deciding question. Ye are the salt of the earth. IV. Leavening . "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". BibliographyExell, Joseph S. "Commentary on "Matthew 13:33". (Kingdom/church—see Matthew 16:18-19.). A common symbol of evil in the moral or religious spheres. To the former we could say, can leaven be put into the meal and no fermentation be produced? We are not left alone, or let alone. It will be seen that such an interpretation cannot for a moment stand, on its own ground; but much less when we connect it with the parable preceding. In no point is the teacher’s simile better sustained by facts than in the unspeakable and irrepressible activity of the gospel. . ], The fact that a woman put the leaven in the meal is probably an insignificant detail of the parable as is the amount of flour. ., p218. ].” Their souls must be impregnated with a very different leaven, even that of grace and truth. BibliographyHawker, Robert, D.D. Matthew 19:16-21 Rich Young Man; Mark 13:33-37 What are you waiting for? Macknight, Beausobre and Lenfant. Leaven is hid in the meal which leaveneth; so the Word of God must be hid in the heart, both in the understanding, will, and affection, if the person he spiritually leavened with it (Psalms 119:11). The truth was never so fully, broadly, and benignly established in the human mind as it is this day. It has been questioned whether ζύμη must not be taken in the sense in which it so often occurs in Scripture, as symbolic of pollution and corruption. In context, Jesus has just told the Parable of the Mustard Seed which essentially has the same meaning as this yeast parable. Matthew 13:31-33, 44-52 EXEGESIS: MATTHEW 13:13-33, 44-52. That number is mentioned as a circumstance giving interest to the parable, but designed to convey no spiritual instruction. The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven. Here the working is from within. It works amidst seeming improbabilities. The Parable, like the last, has its general and its individual application: (1) in the penetrating of the whole mass of humanity, by degrees, by the influence of the Spirit of God, so strikingly witnessed in the earlier ages by the dropping of heathen customs and worship:—in modern times more gradually and secretly advancing, but still to be plainly seen in the various abandonments of criminal and unholy practices (as e.g. III. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". The parable of the leaven, also called the parable of the yeast, is another parable told by Jesus to illustrate what the kingdom of God is like. In the one he instructs us what we are to expect as to the mixture of persons in it while it is in this world. The light of faith, when it is hidden in the heart, spreads like leaven through the man, occupying and assimilating all the faculties of his nature and all the course of his life. Then there follows a pair, of which my text is the second, which deal with the geographical expansion of the kingdom throughout the world, in the parable of the grain of mustard-seed growing into the great herb, and with the inward, penetrating, diffusive influence of the kingdom, working as an assimilating and transforming force in the midst of society. The Parable of the Leaven in Three Measures of Meal. It prescribes to man his duty in every possible station and relation in which he can be placed. The resemblance further appears, in that both of them are. Matthew 13:33 33 He told them another parable. The kingdom grows great by permeating in secret through the masses, changing them gradually into its own nature, and appropriating them to itself. To the latter we would say, be not discouraged at the commotion in your soul; but be thankful for it. This parable, while it teaches the same general truth as the foregoing one, holds forth, perhaps, rather the inward growth of the kingdom, while "the Mustard Seed" seems to point chiefly to the outward. . "The Gospels Compared". 1 Corinthians 5:6-8. Whilst I thus speak a word on your behalf, young hearers and young Christians, understand that you owe my defensive advocacy wholly to the fact that you are young. It was not the good fish that expelled the bad; the angels came forth and severed the wicked from among the just. Irons, D. D.). https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/srn/matthew-13.html. This parable stresses the extensive ultimate condition and consequences of the kingdom that would be out of all proportion to its insignificant beginnings. At any rate, this threefoldness points, as usual, to entireness and completeness. Jesus purposely takes a large quantity, three satons or seahs being equal to about sixty pints. Here the Kingdom is the yeast. This is a teaching taken from Matthew 13:33. III. BibliographyScofield, C. I. Another parable spake He unto them: The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened. The usual amount for one baking, an ephah (see Genesis 18:6; Judges 6:19; 1 Samuel 1:24). Note here the wisdom of the Saviour; He first brings instances from nature, proving that as the one is possible so is the other. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/znt/matthew-13.html. .," p71. Another parable spake he unto them; The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened. 1909-1922. It changes, not their outward conduct only, but the inward dispositions of the heart. (J. Cliffbrd, M. A. , LL. (J. T. To be sure this force is one that works stealthily. III. Many who now hear me are young, and they, as we say, shape well, but we do not pronounce anything like a final judgment upon them at this time. . But observe—and here with a sharp knife I cut off the pleasures of a thousand clitics—it was the angels that had to perform the work of discrimination and separation, and not the fellow-members of the Church. Matt. I. This being the case, we need not perhaps seek for any symbolical interpretation: though Olsh.’s hint that the body, soul, and spirit may perhaps be here intended can hardly but occur to us, and Stier’s, that “of the three sons of Noah was the whole earth overspread,” is worth recording. Leaven is not better suited to work in meal than Christ in men’s hearts for their salvation. The less ostentatious, the less conscious the influence exercised upon us is, the more likely are we to admit it. To deny a man’s self, to cashier his family lusts, to lay down whole bags of crosses, and to take up one, the cross of Christ. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/geb/matthew-13.html. ix. If you have received, you are able, and you are bound, to transmit this quickening, assimilating, transforming, lightening influence, and you need never complain of a want of objects upon which to exercise it, for the man or woman that is next you is the person that you ought to affect. Chrys. How lovingly and meditatively Jesus looked upon homely life, knowing nothing of the differences, the vulgar differences, between the small and great! The effects produced by it are evident and undeniable; but how it produces those effects so as to transform the vilest sinner into the very image of God, is known to God alone. A man is in many circumstances more likely to do good by acting in a Christian manner, than by drawing attention to the faults of others and exposing their iniquity. The secret energy of the leaven is discoverable in its effects; but the precise mode of its operation cannot be ascertained. That was of the inherent self-developing power of the Kingdom of Heaven as a seed containing in itself the principle of expansion; this, of the power which it possesses of penetrating and assimilating a foreign mass, till all be taken up into it. The bible states that the whole “world is to be “leavened by the truth of God (Psalms 22:27-28). The kingdom of patriotism is like unto a net that was cast into the sea and gathered of every kind. The penetrative and diffusive power of this leaven. ref. The whole series of communications from Eden to Patmos is consistently exhibited as so much importation. Leaven; leaven is all-pervading and powerful. "Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges". In fact the principle behind the usage in 1 Corinthians 5:6-8 is that ‘a little leaven leavens the whole lump’ (compare Galatians 5:9). John Trapp Complete Commentary. First published online in 1996 at The Restoration Movement Pages. The word "leaven" is every where else used in a bad sense; and either designs immorality, as malice and wickedness, or false doctrine, such as that of the Pharisees and Sadducees: but here it seems to be taken in a good sense, and the Gospel to be compared unto it; nor for its disagreeable qualities, but on account of its small quantity; it is a little leaven that leavens the whole lump, and may express, as the grain of mustard seed does, the small beginnings of the Gospel, and its meanness in the eyes of men; and on account of its piercing, penetrating, and spreading nature: so the Gospel reaches the conscience, pierces the heart, enlightens the understanding, informs the judgment, raises and sets the affections on right objects, subdues the will, and brings down all towering thoughts, to the obedience of Christ, in particular persons; and has penetrated and made its way, under divine influence, through towns, cities, kingdoms, and nations: also on account of its heating, swelling, and assimilating nature; so the Gospel, where it takes place, warms the affections, causes the heart to burn within, inspires with zeal for God, and Christ, and the Gospel; it swells and fills churches with such as shall be saved, and assimilates the several persons it operates in, makes them like one another, one bread, one body, having like precious faith, knowledge, and experience, though in a different degree. Three measures of meal. Footnotes. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". I beseech you, in your various spheres, to see to it that, as far as you can make it so, Christian people take the place that Christ meant them to take in the conflict with the miseries, the sorrows, the sins that honeycomb England to-day, and not to let it be said that the Churches shut themselves up and preach to people, but do not lift a finger to deal with the social evils of the nation. This leaven is not merely mingled with, but hidden in, the mass which it renewed. Jesus had the courage to use it as an emblem of the best thing in the world, the Kingdom of God coming into the heart of the individual and the community.— ἐνέκρυψεν, hid by the process of kneading.— ἔως οὒ ἐζυμώθη: ἔως with the indicative, referring to an actual past occurrence. You can quote a thousand instances to indicate the badness of the race, its love of error and its pursuit of corruption, and every instance that is quoted may be perfectly right, within its own limits. If a fragment of the dough with the leaven in it be put aside in a shady place, the cells of the fungus in the leaven will vegetate, and cover the dough with a slight downy substance, which is just the plant in its complete form. Hid is translated from the Greek word enkrupto, from which comes the English word "encrypt." It would not be with a great outward display but with the quiet moving forwards of God’s purposes through the Holy Spirit. (Hugh Macmillan. "Whedon's Commentary on the Bible". 2014. Standard Publishing Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. ], [Note: J. Dwight Pentecost, Things to Come, pp142-44. in Ezekiel 4:12, render the Hebrew עוג (630) (to bake) by ἐγκρύπτω (to conceal(631)), whence is derived ἐγκρυφίας, a cake.— σάτα(632) τρία, three measures) As much as was generally carried by a man, or taken for baking, at once; see Genesis 18:6.— ἐζυμώθη, was leavened) I would rather refer this to the propagation, than the corruption of the Church. New York. The individuality of the influence, and the track in which it is to work, viz. Let us then “hide the word of God within us,” that by its influence we may be renewed [Note: Psalms 119:11.]. It would be easy for me to condemn any man who practises a sin for which I have no liking—but what of my own sin? Johann Albrecht Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament. The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven. Observe, Christ does not hide the fact of a mixture. Smith. So this spiritual leaven, the Word, is by Jesus Christ appointed for a great design, viz., even to mould and fashion poor sinners for Himself, and so fit them for His own use, and that they may be meet and fit matter for His Church on earth, and for the Church triumphant in Heaven (1 Corinthians 10:17). https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/cgt/matthew-13.html. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/jtc/matthew-13.html. The Law, too, came into the world; it was not a Mosaic transplant from Egypt, but entered the world at the point where Sinai and the sky meet. The measure here designed, is the Hebrew seah, which held a gallon and an half, and three of these made an ephah; and which is often rendered by theF1Targum Onketos & Jarchi, in Exod. Which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal. Till it was all leavened. BibliographyPett, Peter. g, (2.) In this parable the woman is the symbol of the divine agency, the meal is the human heart, the leaven is the Gospel. Not only is it penetrating, but it is gradual in its process and advancement. But it never goes back, though appearances may seem sometimes to indicate the contrary. You choke the usurer with leaven when you tell him that his sins shall not be forgiven till his unjust gains be restored. Question: "What is the meaning of the Parable of the Leaven?" 36. And the comparison is not only to the power but to the effect of leaven also, which has its good as well as its bad side, and for that good is used: viz. D., D. D. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". It is a vegetable growth, of enormous energy for its size, multiplying itself at a rate incredible to any but the scientific mind; feeding its active life, as it grows from spot to spot, upon the material into which it has been introduced, until there is nothing left for it to feed upon and assimilate to itself. The two are intimately related. It is hidden in the heart. explains its symbolic meaning. A little leaven will leaven the whole lump; so a small quantity, or but a dram of grace, or one word set home upon the heart of three thousand souls, it will leaven them all (Acts 2:4). Another parable spake he unto them; "The kingdom of heaven is like unto leaven, which a woman took, and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.". As for Matthew 13:33, I believe that "yeast" or "leaven" does not always have to represent "sin," which is merely one type of "leaven." ; Revelation 2:20; Revelation 17:1-6. Greek Testament Critical Exegetical Commentary. I will therefore, without any explication of these verses at present, go on to the verses following them, all which will lead me to our Saviour’s own interpretation of the first of these parables; after which I will also consider these two parables that follow here, but are neither expounded here nor in the other evangelists. Leaven in the word signify Evil things ( Cor 5:6,8). The figures in the Bible are not so stereotyped that symbols must invariably follow common patterns. It is a kingdom, mayhap, but it is not the kingdom of heaven, it is not the divine thought, it is not the life that cometh down from heaven; that life is not demonstrative, ostentatious, aggressive in any offensive sense of the term, but it is penetrating, subtle in its influence, always moving, always conquering, never resting till the whole is leavened. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/acc/matthew-13.html. "Commentary on Matthew 13:33". Finding the new version too difficult to understand? (T. Except in this one parable, leaven is used of the working of evil; cp. There was nothing discriminating in the net itself. With a rapidity that is marvellous, it passes on from particle to particle of the meal in which it is placed, until the last stroke of work is done. Preceding one but from a different standpoint ( T. Adagios this gradualness ( Psalms 22:27-28 ) Naaman. 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